Schedule of English Lexicology 1 Lectures

EXAMINATION AREAS – LEXICOLOGY 

1. Definition of lexicology, its place within the humanities and other linguistic disciplines; 

historical survey; theoretical sources; types of lexicology; branches of lexicology; methods 

of lexicological research; onomasiological and semasiological approach; 

2. Basic units of lexicology, their definitions, differences and systemic relatedness - word, 

naming unit, lexeme, lexia; elements of morphological and onomatological analysis; 

motivated and non-motivated lexical units; monolexical and polylexical units; 

characteristic features of lexis as object of lexicology; 

3. Lexicography as a theoretical and pragmatic discipline; types of dictionaries; basic notions 

- entry/head word, lexia, lemma; historical survey of British, American and Slovak 

Anglicist dictionaries; recent dictionaries and dictionaries of neologisms; English and 

Slovak lexical corpora; internet lexicographical sources; 

4. Linguistic characterization of Contemporary English from the genetic and typological 

points of view; periods of the development of English and their features; earliest written 

documents in English; basic characteristic features of Contemporary English lexis; core, 

general vocabulary and periphery; genetic origin of the core of English vocabulary; native 

Anglo-Saxon lexical units in synchronical and diachronical perspective and their 

preservation and/or modifications; 

5. Borrowings from Celtic and their peripheral place in the lexis; borrowings from Latin - 

continental, colonization, Christenization, renaissance and neo-classical borrowings; their 

range, place in the lexis, functional roles and functional-communicative importance; 

comparisons with the lexical situation in Slovak; 

6. Scandinavian borrowings and their place and importance in the lexis of Contemporary 

English; etymological doublets of native and Scandinavian origin; penetration of 

Scandinavian features into morphology; instances of regularization of English vocabulary 

by Scandinavian borrowings; 

7. Genetic origin of the Normans; the linguistic characteristics of Norman French; the 

linguistic situation in Britain after the Norman Conquest; borrowings from Norman French 

in Contemporary English; dynamic changes in the English lexis due to Norman French 

borrowings; Parisian French borrowings, their place in Contemporary English vocabulary 

and specific features of their assimilation; Norman French and Parisian French 

etymological doublets; 

8. Linguistic situation in Britain between 1200 - 1600; coexistence of several languages and 

their functional roles; weakening of the position of French; historical, political, social and 

linguistic conditions and reasons of the survival and strengthening of the position of 

English; the process of Standardization of English; linguistic features of Standardization; 

documents codifying Standardized English;

9. Developments of English between 1700 -1900; wide internationalization of English 

wordstock; direct and indirect borrowings from various languages and their assimilation; 

rise of geographical variants of English; basic characterization of lexical differences in 

American, Canadian and Australian English with regard to British English; 

10. Further extension and internationalization of English vocabulary; extension of 

terminological vocabulary; diversification of linguistic roles and dynamic developments in 

colloqual English and slang; neologisms in the 20th century; 

11. Internationalization of the roles of English; rise of International English; English as a 

source of borrowings; borrowings from English in Slovak - historical considerations, 

communicative roles, socio-linguistic attitudes to them, their assimilation processes and 

dynamic developments; 

12. Borrowing as a word-formative process; reasons of borrowing; sources of borrowing; 

origin of borrowing; assimilation of borrowings; barbarisms, foreignisms; 

internationalisms; non-parallel internationalisms; faux amis; paronyms 

13. General classification of word-formation; language-inherent and language-adherent wordformative 

processes; types of word-formative processes in English and their 

characterization; productive and non-productive word-formative processes; comparisons 

with the classification of word-formative processes in Slovak 

14. Derivation as a word-formative process in English; etymology of affixes; native and 

borrowed affixes; productive and non-productive affixes; valency of affixes; hybrids; 

comparisons with Slovak; 

15. Class-changing affixes in English; alloforms of affixes; affixoids and radixoids; polysemy, 

homonymy and synonymy of affixes; semantic classification of affixes; phonetic, 

phonological, suprasegmental and graphical modifications due to derivation; comparisons 

with Slovak; 

16. Conversion as a word-formative process in English; historical development of conversion; 

types and contemporary productivity of conversion; partial conversion; semantic 

consequences of conversion; enantiosemy; comparisons with Slovak; 

17. Compounding as a word-formative process in English; theories of compounding; 

classification of compounds according to their categorial constituents and resulting wordcategory; 

endocentric and exocentric compounds; bahuvrihi and tatpurusha compounds; 

repetitive compounds, ablaut and rhyme combinations; pseudo-compounds; faded 

motivation and compounding; comparisons with Slovak; 

18. Shortening as a word-formative process in English; historical development of shortening; 

classification of shortenings - lexical shortenings, abbreviation into initial letters, 

acronyms, contractions; communicative and stylistic functions of shortenings; 

comparisons with Slovak;

19. Blending as a word-formative process in English; historical development of blending; 

classification of blends; neological blends; word-formative potential of blending; 

communicative impact of blends; blends in Slovak; 

20. Back-formation as a word-formative process in English; historical development of backformation; 

classification of back-formations; productivity and non-productivity of the 

particular types; 

21. Sound changes, sound imitation and artificial word-formation; symbols used in electronic 

communication; neological word-formative tendencies; ad-hoc formations; stylistic 

revaluation; 

22. Semantic change as a word-formative process; types of semantic change; semantic change 

resulting in polysemy, split of polysemy, homonymy, 

23. Phraseology and its place in the English linguistic system; origin of phraseologisms; types 

of phraseologisms; definition of idioms, phrasemes, phraseological collocations, proverbs 

and sayings; clichés; communicative and stylistic functions of phraseologisms

Schedule of English Lexicology 1 Lectures

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